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For both countries, two reports have been produced which identifies the connection between illegal practices of recruitment, irregular migration and human and migrants’ trafficking.
For this report, 25 returning migrants have been interviewed as well as 2 researchers, 7 NGO leaders working on migration issues and 4 institutional representatives. Many of the returning migrants interviewed were approached and recruited by individuals who used deception and charged very high fees. They either found themselves working in deplorable conditions in the Gulf countries if they did not find themselves in captivity in Libya. The migrants’ testimonies shows their youth as the average is 25 years-old and how there are deceived by work promises. The recruitment process to either Libya or the Gulf countries is based on extortion, little knowledge of their destination and this without any preparation for departure. What awaits them is abuse and practices that constitute trafficking. The report also establishes a mapping of the institutional and legislative arsenal in Senegal to combat this phenomenon and regulate labour migration outside the country.
This report in its final section proposes some concrete recommendations including : implementing a real labour migration policy with protection of migrants and families on the part of the government (creation of a guide with details of departure and return procedures), creation of space for dialogue with all the relevant stakeholders, regulation of international placement structures, training and information mechanisms before departure, signature of bilateral international agreements for better protection.
For this report, 25 Guinean migrant workers returning from the Middle East and North Africa and 25 representatives of state institutions, NGOs, international organizations, trade unions and others working in the field of migration have been interviewed. 17 of the migrants interviewed have left their country without informing their families out of fear of being stopped from leaving. Most of the migrants met are young as the average is 25 years-old. Essentially motivated by a better professional and economic future for themselves and their family, they were mostly unemployed or occupied an under-qualified jobs. Half of them have been approached by clandestine recruiters and sent to the Maghreb and the Middle East where they often have been mistreated. Similar to the one on Senegal, this report also establishes a mapping of the institutional and legislative arsenal in Senegal related to irregular and labour migration.
This report calls for a national multi-stakeholder meeting concerning migrant workers’ protection to tackle the issues related to irregular migration and define strategic priorities. A recommendation also is to create an awareness raising communication campaign for young Guineans who often are influenced by their peers to leave as they have no official information on labour migration. Setting up an information network on migration issues at a regional level is also important to reinforce the fight against migrants’ trafficking.
